Hatch Fertility Blog | Egg Donation & Surrogacy Agency

Surrogacy Timeline Explained: A Month-by-Month Roadmap

If you’re considering surrogacy, one of your first questions is likely: What does the surrogacy timeline look like, and how long does the journey take? Understanding the surrogacy process timeline helps both intended parents and surrogates prepare for each step with realistic expectations.

While every journey is unique, most surrogacy timelines span 18–24+ months from initial consultation to delivery. 

Below, we’ll walk through the steps of surrogacy, explain what affects the timeline, and share resources to help you prepare.

How Long Does the Surrogacy Process Take?

For most intended parents, the surrogacy process takes about 15 to 24 months from start to finish—from the moment you begin the journey to the birth of your baby. 

Some journeys move faster, while others take longer, depending on the speed of the surrogate matching process and whether any legal, medical, or IVF-related delays arise.

While it’s possible to complete a surrogacy journey in closer to 12 months under ideal conditions, many families should plan for a year and a half or more.

Below, we break down how that time is typically spent across each stage of the surrogacy journey, and what factors can shorten or extend the overall timeline.

Step 1: Preparing and Applying (1–6 months)

The journey begins with learning about surrogacy, gathering medical records, and deciding whether to move forward.

  • For surrogates: The first step is filling out an application and reviewing surrogate guidelines and requirements. This ensures you meet the health and lifestyle criteria for a safe pregnancy.
  • For intended parents: This stage often includes consultations with agencies, fertility clinics, and attorneys.

This initial preparation sets the foundation for a smooth process.

Step 2: Medical and Psychological Screening (1–3+ months)

Next, both surrogates and intended parents go through important evaluations:

  • Surrogates complete medical tests, background checks, and a psychological assessment. Learn more about the surrogate medical screening process.
  • Intended parents may also undergo medical consultations to review embryos and treatment options.

This step ensures everyone is fully ready, physically and emotionally, for the journey ahead.

Step 3: Matching with Surrogate/Intended Parents (6-10 months)

The matching phase is one of the most meaningful steps of surrogacy. Surrogates and intended parents are carefully paired based on shared values, lifestyle, and expectations.

At Hatch, our surrogate matching process often takes 2–3 months, once cleared for matching, significantly shorter than many agencies. This reduces uncertainty and helps families move forward sooner.

Step 4: Legal Contracts (1–2 months)

Once a match is made, both sides work with attorneys to draft and finalize a surrogacy agreement. The contract outlines:

  • Parental rights
  • Medical decision-making
  • Compensation and covered expenses
  • Surrogate rights and responsibilities

Legal timelines vary depending on state laws and the complexity of the agreement.

Step 5: Medical Preparation & Embryo Transfer (1–3 months)

Surrogates begin fertility medications to prepare for embryo transfer. IVF specialists then transfer an embryo to the surrogate’s uterus.

If embryos are already frozen, this stage may move more quickly. If multiple IVF attempts are needed, it can extend the surrogacy timeline.

Step 6: Pregnancy (9 months)

Pregnancy is the longest stage of the journey. Surrogates attend regular checkups, while intended parents prepare for the arrival of their baby. Agencies often provide ongoing support, counseling, and surrogacy readiness resources to help families manage expectations during this time.

Step 7: Delivery and Post-Birth Steps (varies by location)

At delivery, intended parents are united with their child. In most states, legal parentage is established before or shortly after birth. Surrogates also receive post-partum care and emotional support, which is an important part of the surrogacy process for mothers.

Factors That Affect the Surrogacy Timeline

Every surrogacy journey is unique. Factors that may influence the timeline include:

  • Surrogate availability and match preferences
  • State or international legal requirements
  • Embryo quality and medical outcomes
  • Pregnancy complications or restarts
  • Emotional readiness of both parties

How Long Surrogacy Takes in Different Situations

No two surrogacy journeys move at exactly the same pace. While the overall timeline follows the same core stages, specific circumstances can significantly shorten or extend how long the process takes. 

Below are common situations that affect total timing:

If You Already Have Embryos

Intended parents who already have viable embryos often move through the medical phase more efficiently. With fewer preparatory steps required, the process may progress with fewer delays once a surrogate is matched.

If You Need an Egg Donor

When egg donation is part of the journey, additional time is typically needed for donor selection, screening, and embryo creation. This doesn’t complicate the process, but it does add another layer that can extend the overall timeframe.

If Matching Takes Longer

Matching is one of the most variable parts of surrogacy. Some intended parents connect with a surrogate quickly, while others take more time to find the right fit based on medical criteria, preferences, or availability.

If a Transfer Doesn’t Succeed on the First Attempt

Not every embryo transfer results in a pregnancy. When additional transfers are needed, the medical portion of the journey can take longer, even though the overall process remains the same.

If You’re Pursuing Surrogacy as an International Intended Parent

Cross-border surrogacy may require extra coordination around legal processes, travel, and medical logistics. These additional steps can add time, even when everything else progresses smoothly.

FAQs About the Surrogacy Timeline

How long does the entire surrogacy journey take?

Typically 18–24+ months, but it can vary.

What happens if the surrogate miscarries?

In most cases, the process continues with additional embryo transfers, though it may extend the timeline.

Do intended parents have control over the process?

While medical and legal steps can’t be rushed, working with an experienced agency like Hatch reduces delays and provides more transparency.

What part of surrogacy takes the longest?

The matching phase is often the most unpredictable part of the journey. Finding the right surrogate based on medical criteria, preferences, and availability can take anywhere from a few months to longer, depending on the situation.

Find a Surrogate

The surrogacy timeline involves several key stages: preparation, screening, matching, contracts, medical transfer, pregnancy, and delivery. While the journey often takes 18–24+ months, the exact timeline depends on individual circumstances.

With over 30 years of experience and a 99%+ agency success rate, Hatch provides guidance, support, and transparency at every step—ensuring your surrogacy journey stays on track and your family’s dream becomes a reality.